宾格
在英语中,宾格(Objective Case)用于代词在句子中充当宾语(动词或介词的宾语)时的形式。以下是宾格的规则和例子:
1. 宾格代词列表
英语中的人称代词有以下宾格形式:
主格 (Subject) | 宾格 (Object) |
---|---|
I | me |
you | you |
he | him |
she | her |
it | it |
we | us |
they | them |
who | whom |
2. 宾格的用法
宾格代词在以下情况使用:
(1) 动词的宾语
当代词作为及物动词的宾语时,用宾格:
She likes him.(她喜欢他。)
The teacher called us.(老师叫了我们。)
Can you help me?(你能帮我吗?)
(2) 介词的宾语
当代词跟在介词(如 to, for, with, about 等)后时,用宾格:
This gift is for her.(这个礼物是给她的。)
He went to the park with them.(他和他们一起去了公园。)
Tell the secret to me, not him.(把秘密告诉我,而不是他。)
(3) 其他结构
在比较结构(than/as)后(非正式口语中常用宾格):
She is taller than me.(她比我高。正式用法也可用 "than I")
He works as hard as her.(他和她一样努力。)
在强调句中:
It was him who called you.(打电话给你的是他。正式用法也可用 "he")
3. 常见错误与纠正
❌ "Me and John went to school."
✅ "John and I went to school."
(主格作主语时用 "I",宾格才用 "me")❌ "Between you and I…"
✅ "Between you and me…"
(介词 "between" 后需用宾格 "me")❌ "Who did you see?" (口语常见)
✅ "Whom did you see?" (正式用法,但现代英语中 "who" 更普遍)
4. 更多例子
动词宾语:
The dog followed her.(狗跟着她。)
They invited us to the party.(他们邀请了我们参加派对。)
介词宾语:
She is talking about you.(她在谈论你。)
The book belongs to him.(这本书是他的。)
双宾语结构:
Give me the pen.(把笔给我。)
He told them a story.(他给他们讲了个故事。)
5. 特殊注意
"It's me." vs "It is I."
口语中常用 "It's me",但严格语法中 "It is I" 更正式(因 "I" 是主语补语)。"Who" vs "Whom"
Who called you?(主格,作主语)
Whom did you call?(宾格,作宾语,但现代英语中 "who" 更常用)
掌握宾格的关键是判断代词在句子中是主语(用主格)还是宾语(用宾格)。多练习句子分析就能熟练运用!
转载请注明出处。